In trying to explain reward and punishment, RAMChA"L puts something forward that I would like to rephrase this way:
1) Children need to be told not to put their fingers into the electric outlet; if they don't listen they are punished: Hashem arranged that so as to continue it to the next levels.
2) When the child is older, his peers will judge his behavior: is it beneficial or is it something that invites ridicule; all the while keeping in mind that the judging began when he was taught about electric shock.
If they consider the advice still holding water, they can navigate to this level where that intelligence earns them respect; if not, then they may discard it: at least until their adult environment is mature enough to help them judge this for themselves.
3) Ultimately, though, the advice itself must reach realistic benefit: is the reason I'm being smart in order not to get caught; not to look stupid; or not to be stupid.

When the Doctor tells you not to eat peanuts - they can be fatal - you have these choices:
1) If I get caught eating peanuts, I will be punished;
2) If I don't listen to the Doctor, even my friends will think I'm stupid;
3) I want to live; not die.

What if we view moral health this way? A Zaddik, in chassidism, is someone so morally healthy, that he craves it: as someone sick craves health! When someone is out with the flu, all he can think of is of getting well. Health, to him, is the only thing important: sure, eating unhealthy foods can be tempting, when our mood is out of balance; but as the person matures, he learns to discipline himself to keeping his eye on the ball!
What if a healthy person, physically, were told that there is a level of health that, to his present level, would be like health looks like to a sick person?
Furthermore, what if this moral health was so rewarding an experience - physically - that moral health, from then on, would be the direction that his sense of health, in general, would prioritize?
And what if, to this new-found health (he would realize) there exists a level of health that is also as more rewarding (than his present health), as his present health was from that which he had originally thought of as healthy: infinite levels of... what?
In between experiences, we have to come on to:
1) remembering prudence (like the child);
2) keeping moral company - people who respect your moral growth, who will support your endeavors;
3) remembering that earlier on we hadn't known how healthy we could get; such that now, until we reach the next level, we can have faith that a higher level exists!

L'Chaim!